同位语从句在高考中出现的次数不多，因同位语从句属于名词性从句，学生要记住其用法和其他的从句的共同点和不同点。下面就高考试题对同位语从句总结一下：

考点 1：

They have no idea at all _____. (MET’87)

A.      where he was gone

B.      Where did he go

C.      Which place he has gone

D.     Where has he gone

分析： 正确选项应为同位语从句，（作idea的同位语）。由于名词性从句要用陈述语序，故先排除B、D。两项，C项中的which place为名词短语，gone后面却少介词to，故本题选A。

2. Do you have any idea ___is actually going on in the classroom?  (2005 辽宁) 

A. that    B. what    C. as    D. which

分析：B   idea ,fact ,belief 等名词后边经常接同位语从句。  

要点：同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，同学们在学习时应掌握以下几点：

1．  从句用陈述语序。

2．  一般情况下，主从句的时态应保持一致。担当从句表示的是客观事实或普遍真理时，从句仍然用一般现在时。如：

They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.

对于你生病这件事，他们都很着急。

Magellan’s men’s return from the voyage proved the truth that the earth is round

麦哲伦的海员们的航海回归证实了地球是圆的这一真理。

3. 表示“命令、建议、要求”的名词order ,demand ,suggestion等后接同位语从句时，从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，既“should +动词原形”。如；

They mainly discussed the suggestion that a big dam (should ) be built there. 　

他们主要讨论了在那里建一个大坝这个建议。

考点２：

___is no possibility ___Bob can win the first prize in the match. (Shanghai 2001)

A.      there; that    B. it ;that   C. there ,whether   D. it ; whether

分析：there is no possibility意为“没有―――的可能性”其中引导同位语从句。故本题选Ａ。

要点：引导同位语从句的引导词常用that ，此外还有whether, when, where, who, what, which, why, how 等，选用引导词时，要结合整个句意来考虑。如：

The question who should do the work requires consideration.

谁该干这项工作这个问题需要考虑。

There is no doubt that he will come here again.

他会再来这里，这是无疑的。

He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents.

他为是否接受他们的礼物这个疑虑所折磨着。　

考点３：

Information has been put forward ____more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.  (Shanghai 2000)

A.      while    B. that    C. when    D. as

分析：纵观全句可知information与同位语从句被谓语动词隔开。根据句意，应用that 来引导。故本题选Ｂ。

要点：有时为了避免头重脚轻，可以把同位语从句与名词分开。

考点４：

Is this the reason ____at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (Shanghai2002)

A.      he explained    B. what he explained

C. how he explained    D. why he explained

分析：本题选Ａ。He explained为定语从句，省去了关系代词that/which 。

要点：同位语从句与定语从句的区别

1. 从句的性质不同。

同位语从句用来解释或说明名词的具体内容，二者之间是同位关系；定语从句用来说明先行词的性质与特征，起修饰与限制作用，二者之间是修饰与被修饰的关系。试比较：

We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light. 　

如何才能超过光的速度，我们解决不了这个问题。

（how从句是the problem的具体内容，为同位语从句）

I can’t remember the problem that they have. 我记不得他们的问题了。

（problem 就是have 的对象，至于the problem的具体内容，没有说明，故是定语从句）

２．引导词的作用不同

同位语从句的引导词不充当句子成分，如(1)；或充当成分，但不指代前面的名词，如(2)定语从句的引导词充当句子成分并指代前面的先行词，如(3)。同位语从句　的引导词that一般不可省去。试比较：

(1)Jim got to know the news that the whole village was in great danger.　

吉姆得知整个村子都处在极度危险中的消息。

(2)I have no idea when he will come back.

我不知道他何时回来。

(3) Do you know the news (that/which )Jim told Me ?

你知道吉姆告诉我的那个消息吗？-

例：-It’s thirty years since we last met

-But I still remember the story ,believe it or not , ____we got lost on a rainy night. (2006 四川)

A. which B. that C. what D. when (B)

练习：

1. He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression ___he was boarding the Tokyo plane.

A.      When    B. where    C. that    D. what

2. He can’t answer the question ____he got the money.

A. that    B. why    C. how   D. whether

3. She gave us the suggestion ____we _____the scientific instrument in a better way.

A. that; made    B. whether; should    C. that; make     D. why; made

4. That was the reason ____he told me this morning.

A. why    B. that    C. because    D. whether

5. The farm ____we visited last month is not far from here.

A. that    B. where    C. when    D. on which

6. We heard the news ____she set a new world record in swimming

A. what B. whether C. how D that

7. He made a promise ____he would help me.

A. what    B. when    C. that    D which

8. I have no idea ___Xiao Wang didn’t go to see the film.

A. where     B. when    C. what    D that 

1-5 CCCBA  6-8 DCB