第11章  代词

一.概念:

   代词是代替名词的词, 按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。

二.相关知识点精讲

　2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如：
　  I like table tennis. （作主语）

Do you knowhim?（作宾语）

3)人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：

---Whos is knocking at the door?

---It’s me.

4)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：

He is older than me.

He is older thanI am.
2. 物主代词
　1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性

　2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如：
　  Our teacher is coming to see us.
　  This is her pencil-box.
　3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
　　 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语）
　 --- Is this English-book yours? （作表语）
　--- No. Mine is in my bag.
　 I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语）
3. 指示代词
　  指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。

1) this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those

则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：
　 This is a pen andthat is a pencil．
　 We are busy these days．
　 Inthose days the workers had a hard time．

2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲

到的事物，例如：
　I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.
　 What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English．

3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如：
　 Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai．
  4)this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如：

  Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?

4. 反身代词
　   英语中用来表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己"

等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。

   反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。

　 1)作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人

或一些人。
　   He called himself a writer．
　   Would you please express yourself in English?　

2)作表语。
　    It doesn't matter．I'll be myself soon．
　    The girl in the news is myself．
　 3)作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。
　    I myself washed the clothes．（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主语同位语）
    You should ask the teacher himself．（作宾语同位语）

三.巩固练习

1. Tom, Please pass ________ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers.

  A. you  B. me  C. him  D. her

2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are ______ new words in it.

  A. a little  B. little  C. a few  D. few

3. ---You want ________ sandwich?

  ---Yes, I usually eat a lot when I’m hungry.

  A. other  B. another  C. others  D. the other

4. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _______.

  A. they  B. them  C. themselves  D. theirs

5. ---Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk?

  ---______________, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea.

  A. Either  B. Neither  C. Both  D. None

6. ---Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.

  ---Never mind. You can have ________.

  A. us  B. ours  C. you  D. yours

7. ---Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning?

  ---_______ is OK. I’m free today and tomorrow.

  A. Either  B. Neither  C. Both  D. None

8. ---How are you going to improve _______ this term?

  ---Work harder than last term.

  A. ourselves  B. myself  C. himself  D. yourself

9. ---Could you tell me _______ she is looking for?

  ---Her cousin, Susan.

  A. that  B. whose  C. who  D. which

10. ---Is _______ here?

   ---No. Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave.

  A. everybody  B. somebody  C. anybody  D. nobody

11. Paul has _______ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.

  A. many  B. some  C. few  D. more

12. If you want to book a round-trip ticket, you’ll have to pay ______ $ 30.

  A. more  B. other  C. the other  D. another

13. ---Do you live by yourself, Mr Wang?

   ---Yes. I have two sons. But ______ of them lives with me. They are now studying in America?

  A. neither  B. both  C. none  D. either

14. ---Have you sent your parents an E-mail telling them you arrived safe?

   ---No. _______ of them can use a computer.

  A. None  B. Both  C. Neither  D. All

15. Who taught _______ English last term? Was _____ Mr. Smith?

  A. you; it  B. you; he  C. your; it  D. your; that

16. ---That woman has a bag in her right hand. What’s in her _____ hand?

  A. another  B. other  C. one  D. the other

17. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _______.

  A. us  B. our  C. ours  D. ourselves

18. ---Is there a bus to the zoo?

   ---I’m afraid there’s _______ bus to the zoo.

  A. no  B. any  C. some  D. none

19. You forgot your dictionary? You may have _______.

  A. me  B. my  C. mine  D. myself

20. This is ______ classroom. Where is _______?

A.