4)合成副词
形容词+名词hotfoot匆忙地
形容词+副词everywhere到处
副词+副词however尽管如此
介词+名词beforehand事先
介词+副词forever永远
5)合成代词
代词宾格+self herself她自己
物主代词+self myself我自己
形容词+名词anything任何东西
6)合成介词
副词+名词inside在……里面
介词+副词within在……之内
副词+介词into进入
4.截短法(缩略法)
截短法,即将单词缩写,词义和词性保持不变,主要有截头,去尾,截头去尾等形式.
1)截头
telephone→phone
aeroplane→plane
omnibus→bus
2)去尾
mathematics→maths
co-operate→co-op
examination→exam
kilogram→kilo
laboratory→lab
taxicab→taxi
3)截头去尾
influenza→flu
refrigerator→fridge
prescription→script
5.混合法(混成法)
混合法,即将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词.后半部分表示主体;前半部分表示属性.
news broadcast→newscast新闻广播
television broadcast→telecast电视播送
smoke and fog→smog烟雾
helicopter airport→heliport直升飞机场
6.首尾字母缩略法
首尾字母缩略法,即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词.读音主要有两种形式,即各字母分别读音;作为一个单词读音.
very important person→VIP (读字母音)要人;大人物
television→TV (读字母音)电视
Testing of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL托福
Nato
三.巩固练习
1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.
A.care B.careful C.careless D.carelessness
2.The soldier died for saving the child,so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.
A.die B.dead C.died D.death
3.The child looked________at his brother who was badly wounded.
A.sadly B.sadness C.sadly D.sad
4.He is an expert at chemistry.We all call him a ________.
A.chemistry B.chemical
C.chemist D.physician
5.The three- ________chair isn't suitable for a young child.He may fall off.
A.legging B.legged C.legs D.leged
6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world.
A.lead B.leader C.leading D.leadership
7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem,Jack looked________about at his classmates.
A.proud B.proudly C.pride D.pridely
8.To everyone's ________,the girl finished the job quite well.
A.satisfied B.satisfactory
C.satisfying D.satisfaction
9.—What are you doing here
—Oh,my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.
—You can write________passage in English
A.600 words;a 600-words
B.600-word;a 600-words
C.600 words;a 600-word
D.600 words;a 600-words
10.No one should enter the spot without the________of the police.
A.permit B.permission
C.permitting D.permittence
11.You must come with us to the police ________.Our head is waiting for you.
A.headquarters B.headline
C.headmaster D.headache
12.Letting that animal escape was no accident;you did it ________.
A.intend B.intention
C.intentionally D.intentional
13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile.
A.practice B.practise
C.practical D.practiced
14.The________ordered him to pay a $100 fine.
A.judger B.judgment
C.judge D.judgement
15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War
A.lately B.latest
C.later D.latter
16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________.
A.longer B.length
C.long D.longing
17.To my ________,I passed the exam easily.
A.joy B.joyful
C.joyless D.joyness
18.Canada is mainly an________country.
A.English-speaking B.speak-English
C.spoken-English D.English-spoken
19.How________ he is! He is always acting________.He is really a ________.
A.foolish;foolishly;fool
B.fool;foolish;fool
C.foolish;fool;fool
D.foolishly;foolish;fool
20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.It's of great ________.
A.valuable B.value
C.valueless D.unvaluable
21.There were________fish in the river in South America.
A.in danger B.danger
C.dangerous D.dangerless
22.The letter "b" in the word "doubt" is________.
A.sound B.silent
C.silence D.sounded
23.The child looked at me________.
A.stranger B.strangely
C.strange D.strangeless
24.The black people were against slavery and fought for their________bravely.
A.free B.freely
C.freedom D.frees
25.What you said sounded________ but in fact it was untrue.
A.reasonable B.reasonful
C.reasonless D.unreason
26.We have to learn________technology from other countries.
A.advance B.advancing
C.advantage D.advanced
27.The children live in a village ________.They come here almost every day.
A.nearby B.near
C.nearly D.near by
28.Mr Black is an ________in the army,not an________in the government.You can not easily find him in his________.
A.official;officer;office
B.officer;office;official
C.official;official;official
D.officer;official;office
29.You'd better give up smoking if you want to keep ________.
A.health B.healthy
C.healthily D.healthier
30.________ speaking,I didn't do it on purpose.
A.Honestly B.Honest C.Honesty D.Dishonest
[参考答案]
1-5 BDACB 6-10 CBDCB 11-15 ACDCB 16-20 BAAAB
21-25 CBBCA 26-30 DADBA

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